1，关于英汉对照 翻译
HOW TO GROW OLD
如何平静老去？
By Bertrand Russell
波特兰·罗素
Translated by sog@2005-4-5 13:48
古典的英国英语很难翻译，特别是罗素的文章。早几年读傅雷翻译的罗素文章，看着文章很平淡，但是不经意间说出来的话，需要你回味很长时间。这篇演讲稿更加堪称经典，忙里偷闲，拿这篇文章练一下手，欠妥处请多指点。sog@2005-4-5 13:47
1. In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remoter ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off。
不管标题是怎么写的，这篇文章实际上告诉你的是如何减缓衰老，这样一个主题在我现在的生命阶段是很重要的。我的第一个建议是认真仔细的去考察一下自己的宗谱。虽然我的父母去世的比较早，但是我的别的祖先都活的比较长寿。我敬爱的祖父，在67岁结束了自己像花期一样富有朝气的生命，我的其余几位祖辈的年龄都超过了80。在别的远祖当中，只有一位活的不是很长久，他死于一种被砍头的现在已经灭绝的疾病（不知道怎么很好的翻译这一句幽默）。
2. A great grandmother of mine, who was a friend of Gibbon, lived to the age of ninety-two, and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants. My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow, devoted herself to woman’s higher education. She was one of the founders of Girton College, and worked hard at opening the medical profession to women. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his melancholy and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. “Good gracious”, she exclaimed, “I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal existence!” “Madres naturale,” he replied. But speaking as one of the seventy-two, I prefer her recipe. After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep, so she habitually spent the hours from midnight to 3 a.m. in reading popular science. I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. This, I think, is proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of you future.
我的一位祖母，她是Gibbon的朋友，活了92岁，直到生命的最后一天一直都让她的子孙后代感到惊奇。我慈爱的祖母，抚养成人9个孩子，另有一个早年夭折，其中另有流产的例子。当她成为一个寡妇的时候，全身心投入到妇女高等教育当中，她是Girton学院的创始人之一，并且在妇女医疗方面做了大量的工作。她经常给我们讲述她在意大利遇到一位年老绅士的故事，当时，这位老年人看上去很忧愁悲伤。祖母去询问缘由，老人告诉他说是因为刚和两个孙子离别。祖母惊叹道：“天啊！我有72个孙子，如果我和他们每一个离别的时候都感到悲哀不开心，我肯定生活的非常凄凉。”老绅士听了便转悲为欣。我便是她说的72个孙子之一。在80岁之后，她发现自己睡眠不是很好，于是她养成了从午夜到凌晨3点钟阅读流行科学杂志的习惯。我一直不相信她会有空余时间去注意到自己已经变老了，我认为这是保持年轻的一种好方法。如果你有广泛、热烈的兴趣和日常行动并在其中有很好的效率，你没有缘由去成天想那些已经逝去的许多岁月，并很少考虑不会太长久的将来年月。
3. As regards health I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.
有关于健康方面，我没有太多有用的建议可以讲，因为我很少得病。我吃喝自己喜欢的东西，困顿了就去睡觉。我从来不按照任何所谓有益健康的（医生）建议行事，虽然我所做的任何喜欢的事情都是非常有益于健康的。
4. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy: one’s own past is gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind keener. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.
在精神生活方面老年人有两个方面的危险因素需要注意。其中之一就是老是沉浸在过去的会议中，不能在回忆当中生活，不要为逝去的好岁月感到遗憾，也不要为已经去世的朋友感到悲哀。一个人的思想必须被引导向未来和那些必须要完成的事情上。这并不是一件容易做到的事情：一个人的过去岁月在逐渐的增多，很容易沉湎于那些昔日的雄心抱负，和那些无法忘怀的情结。如果情形确实是这样的，就应当都去忘却；如果都忘记了，逝去的就不应当是真实的。
5. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without inerest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
另外一件事情，就是尽量避免抱着从青年人身上获取活力的目的去亲密接近年轻人，如果你一定要对他们抱有兴趣，除非他们冷淡无情，否则你很快会成为他们的负担。我并不是说老年人不应当对年轻人有兴趣，但是老人的兴趣应当是沉思冥想、保守的。应当是博爱的，而且不要包含太多的感情因素。动物们当自己的孩子变得能够照看自己的时候，都会对他们变得比较冷漠；但是对人类而言，因为幼年期比较长，最后发现要做到这一点比较困难。
6. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with you children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.
我认为对那些有强烈的非个人兴趣并投身其中的人而言，过一个满意的老年生活是容易的。在这一方面，长期的人生阅历是富有成效的，并且在这一领域由经验而生的智慧可以在没有太大强制压迫的情形下经由实践活动得以检验。对成长中的孩子，去告诉他们不要犯错误是没有用的；不但是因为他们不相信你，并且是因为犯错误是教育的重要构成部分。但是如果你发现自己是一个没有非个人兴趣的人，你会发现你的生命变得空虚除非你去关心自己的孩子和孙子们。在这种情形下，你会发现不管你继续给他们提供物质帮助，譬如生活补贴还是给他们编制衣服，你不要期望他们很乐意陪伴你。
7. Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it – so at least it seems to me – is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river – small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.
有些老人对死亡感到害怕。年轻人有这种想法的话是正常的，他们会为可能在战争中阵亡感到痛苦，因为他们会感到被剥夺掉了生活会给予的美好的东西。但是对一个经历了生活的哀乐，和所有人生应当做的事情的老人而言，这种恐惧情绪是不幸的和没有必要的。对我而言，克服这种情绪的最好办法是：让自己的兴趣逐渐泛和非个人化，直到自我的障碍一点一点的消逝，个人的生命融入到大众的生活。个体生命的存在应当像一条河流——刚开始很小，狭隘的局限于自己堤岸，富有激情的冲过岩石和瀑布。慢慢的，河流开始变得宽阔，堤岸在消退，水流也变得平静（参见静水流深），最后，没有明显的征兆，河流汇入了大海，毫无痛苦的结束了自己个体的存在。老年人能用这种方式来看待自己的生活的话，将不会经历死亡的恐惧，因为他关心的东西会延续。并且随着活力的减退和疲倦感的增多，希望能够长眠的想法不是不受欢迎的。我希望能够在工作的时候死去，知道别人会继续我的未竟事业，并且知道自己已经做了自己所能做的一切，我会感到很欣慰。
2，50个英语单词
如下：1、Dumb(哑)2、Deer(鹿)3、Sad(伤心)4、Now(如今)5、Hug(拥抱)6、Roll(滚)7、Woah(哇)8、Wine(酒)9、End(结束)10、Hip(美臀)11、Sir(先生)12、Bye(再见)13、Dope(屌)14、Tipsy(醉)15、Soul(灵魂)16、EXIT(出口)17、Pous(备胎)18、Smoke(烟)19、Sexy(性感)20、Regre(悔)21、Pity(怜悯)22、Hate(厌恶)23、Heal(愈合)24、AMOR(爱情)25、From(离人)26、Ego(自尊心)27、Life(一生)28、Care(保护)29、Yuet(悦己)
3，收集50个生活中常见的英语单词
Metro，地铁
Bus，公交车
Taxi，出租车
Road，路
Street，街
police警方
hospital医院
物品 标语 场所
枕头 pillow No Smoking禁止吸烟 酒吧 pub
牙膏toothpaste Parking Lot停车场 舞台dance floor
牙刷toothbrush No Flash 禁止照相 妓院 sporthouse
牙签toothpick Entrance 入口 操场playground
电视机TV Exit 出口 T台 runway【绝对地道】
电视television Fire Alarm 有火警报
红绿灯 traffic lights cross roads交叉路口
watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子
超市supermarket 邮局post office 停车场parking lot 服装店clothing store 卫生间wc/toilet
vegetable蔬菜 salad沙拉
accept 同意，接受。一般为同意用户协议。
account 账户
address 地址
ads 广告（缩写）
advertising 广告
age 年龄
agreement 协议，要加入就必须同意。
alternate 交替的。
annual Income 年收入
application 申请
balance 余额。即你账户里的金额。
banner 条。一般指广告条。
bet 赌博
bonus 奖金。一般为开户和注册的奖金。
buy 买
canel 取消
cash 现金
casino 赌场
cent 美分
check 支票
citizenship 公民，公民身份。
click 点击。即点击赚钱。
contact 联系，contact us 联系我们
CPM(Cost Per thousand impression ) 显示千次费用，网上广告每显示1000次的广告费用。
CPC(Cost Per thousand click ) 点击千次费用，网上广告每点击1000次的广告费用 。
Credit cards 信用卡（号码）
current 当前
daily 每天的
direct 直接的。Direct referrals 即为你的直接下线（第一层）。
donotreply 不用回复（邮件
earnings 赚的钱。即你所赚的。
E-GOLD 网上银行公司，大多数网站支持的支付方式。
e-mail links 邮件网站内的赚钱邮件，相当于in-box。
employment 雇用。一般是填表项，问你是被雇用还是雇用别人（当老板）
end of Paid Links 结束付费链接。下面的链接就不要点
F.A.Q 常见问题，等于help。
Fax 传真
first name 名
forgot 忘记。forgot your password 忘记你的密码？
ID 身份号，相当于用户名
in-box 邮件网站内的信箱，可以直接看收费邮件，不要开自己的邮箱。
individual 单独的，一般指你自己（不包括下线）赚的。
instant 立即。Instant Cash 注册赚钱。
join 加入，join us 加入我们
keywords 关键词，一般指网站的关键词。
last name 姓
level 层。level 1 即为一级下线。
login 登录
logout 退出账户
lost 失去，lost password 遗失密码。
lotto 抽奖，彩票
精华总结
雨露，是万物生长的灵丹妙药，它能让万物欣欣向荣，给人带来希望和欢乐。起名，是给孩子取名最重要的一步，因为名字，在某种程度上就是一种文化。一个好的名字，可以让孩子从小拥有一个好的起点。那么，旸字取名呢，有着什么样的寓意及含义？
1、旸是五行金之字，五行属水，寓意孩子聪明机智，有大智慧，富有爱心。
根据五行属性来取名，金能克水，就像是金被水淹没了，所以会出现水变少，阳气不充足的情况。而旸字五行属水，表示有希望的样子，寓意孩子聪明机智，有大智慧，富有爱心，有爱心之义，对人非常友好，人缘非常好。由于在起名时需要注意五行八字，所以名字要避开太多不利因素。例如孩子取名为旸这个名字时，可选择五行属金且与水相冲或水火相济或金水相济等字面寓意相搭。
2、旸字是木之金之字，五行属木，为金之态，寓意孩子金木水火土五行协调，和谐发展。
雨露的滋润，日出而作，日落而息，都让人感到无比满足。旸，字音shèng,寓意着孩子有一颗包容和感恩之心。这与“日出而作、日落而息”有异曲同工之妙……旸给人带来欢乐、吉祥的同时，也寓意着孩子金木水火土协调发展……
3、旸是一种很有灵性的字，可形容孩子生机勃勃，乐观向上。
【旸】有光明、温暖、明朗的意思，可用作名字。【阳凯是太阳之意。【阳阳阳】阳代表明亮，阳代表光明及温暖。用阳代表光明的事物，表示孩子生机勃勃，乐观向上。【阳欣可表示欣欣向荣之意。【阳和】可表示温暖的意思。
4、旸字取名，寓意孩子乐观向上，对生活充满希望。
旸字寓意孩子乐观向上，对生活充满希望，乐观积极的生活态度，有助于提高孩子的自信心。另外旸字取名还有着积极向上、乐观开朗、吉祥幸福、生活美满、幸福美满等美好祝愿，其寓意吉祥。而且旸在中国汉字里是非常多见的一个字，我们可以将这个字用在名字中来表达。旸字取名代表着孩子未来很美好而充满希望。如果将其用于起名中，则代表着孩子未来会有很多希望。同时也象征着孩子将来会有所成就。
5、旸作为名字有吉祥富贵之意。
旸这个名字，在很早的时候就被赋予了吉祥富贵的寓意，因为它在名字中的意思很多。所以有很高的吉祥富贵之意。这个名字将孩子命名为【旸】具有美好的寓意。
