恰佩克的个人简介
（1890―1938）捷克小说家、剧作家.1890年1月9日生于捷克北部一乡村医生家庭.曾在布拉格查理大学学哲学，毕业后做新闻记者.他的创作初期曾同哥哥约瑟夫合作创作了一些散文和剧本.20世纪20年代初，兄弟二人合写出哲理剧《昆虫生活》（19...基本内容
（1890―1938）捷克小说家、剧作家.1890年1月9日生于捷克北部一乡村医生家庭.曾在布拉格查理大学学哲学，毕业后做新闻记者.他的创作初期曾同哥哥约瑟夫合作创作了一些散文和剧本.20世纪20年代初，兄弟二人合写出哲理剧《昆虫生活》（1921）。这一时期他的主要作品有《罗素姆万能机器人》（1920）以及1922年出版的科学幻想剧《长生诀》和科学幻想小说《原子狂想》（1924）等.他在从事新闻工作中，同社会有广泛的接触，使他有机会深入观察社会生活.30年代，恰佩克的思想发生很大的变化，积极投入了反法西斯斗争.这一时期他的作品有：剧本《白色病》（1937）、《母亲》（1938）和长篇小说《鲵鱼之乱》。其中剧本《母亲》是捷克爱国主义戏剧的杰作之一.恰佩克是捷克表现主义戏剧的先驱，他的戏剧艺术效果强烈，情节富有戏剧性，如在《母亲》中，鬼魂与活人，生与死、梦幻与现实之间没有明确界线，用这类表现手法，对社会中种种丑恶现象作无情讽刺，获得强烈的艺术效果.《罗素姆万能机器人》是恰佩克的代表作品.一位名叫罗素姆的哲学家研制出一种机器人，被资本家大批制造来充当劳动力.但是世界上如果充满了干活的机器人，人类就会停止生育、面临末日.因此作者在作品中描写了一对会恋爱和能够生育的机器人，以此象征人类将免遭灭亡.该剧于1921年演出，轰动欧洲.恰佩克所创造的“机器人”一词，已被欧洲各国语言接受.参见“外国文学”中的“恰佩克”。 (1890-1938) The Czech novelist, playwright .1890 was born January 9 years, the Czech doctors in rural areas north of a family. Charles University in Prague to study philosophy, journalists do after graduation. His early stage of writing have been co-writing with his brother Joseph a number of essays and screenplays .20 early 20 century, two brothers co-wrote philosophical drama "Insect Life" (1921). Of his major works during this period as "Rossum Universal Robots" (1920), and in 1922 published in the science fiction drama "longevity tactic" and science fiction "atomic paranoia" (1924), etc.. He was engaged in journalistic work, have extensive contacts with the community so that he has an in-depth observation of social life .30 years, Capek undergone great changes in thinking, actively involved in the anti-fascist struggle. this period of his works are: the script "white disease" (1937), "Mother" (1938) and the novel "Salamander fish chaos." One play "mother" is a masterpiece of drama, one of the Czech patriotism. Capek Czechpioneerof expressionist drama, and hisdramaticart effects of a strong, dramatic plot, as in "mother", theghostsand the living, the Health and death, dream and reality there is no clear line between the use of such techniques from all the evils in society as ruthless satire, with strong artistic effect. "Rossum Universal Robots" is Capek’s representative works. 1Bitphilosopher named Rossum developed a robot was to act as capitalists, a large number of manufacturing workers.Butthe world is full of to work, if the robot will stop human reproduction, facing doom. Therefore, the authors describe the works would love a pair of robots and able to give birth, as a symbol of humanity will be free from extinction. opera performances in 1921, a sensation in Europe. Capek created by the "robot" word has been accepted in Europe in foreign languages . See "ForeignLiterature" in the "Capek."
